Soul Mountain (chinese)

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Soul Mountain (chinese)
Название: Soul Mountain (chinese)
Автор: Xingjian Gao
Дата добавления: 16 январь 2020
Количество просмотров: 387
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"Soul Mountain is one of those singular literary creations that seem impossible to compare with anything but themselves… In the writing of Gao Xingjian literature is born anew from the struggle of the individual to survive the history of the masses."

– from the citation of the Nobel Prize committee of the Swedish Academy

When this year's Nobel Prize for Literature was awarded to Chinese expatriate novelist and playwright Gao Xingjian, few in the English-speaking West were familiar with his work. Gao's masterpiece, SOUL MOUNTAIN (PerfectBound, an e-book from HarperCollins; February 20, 2001; $19.95), is a dazzling kaleidoscope of fiction, philosophy, history and fable. Elegantly translated by Australian sinologist Mabel Lee, this richly textured autobiographical novel recounts a dual journey-a literal journey into the heart of China and a spiritual journey of the self.

When Gao was 43, he was incorrectly diagnosed with lung cancer. Resigned to death by the same means that had claimed his father just a few years before, Gao spent six weeks indulging his appetites and reading philosophy. The spot on Gao's lung mysteriously disappeared, but a new threat arose when rumors began to circulate that he was to be sent to a prison farm because of his controversial writings. No longer facing imminent death, the writer quickly left Beijing and disappeared into the remote forest regions of Sichuan, then spent five months wandering along the Yangtze River from its source down to the coast. Gao's 15,000 kilometer sojourn forms the geographic parameters of the fictional journey in SOUL MOUNTAIN.

While on a train at the start of his trip, the writer protagonist meets another traveler who says he is going to Lingshan, "soul mountain," which can be found by the remote source of the You River. The writer has never heard of such a place, and he resolves to go there, but his fellow traveler can give him none but the vaguest directions. Thus begins a metaphoric odyssey into the hinterlands of China and the outlying Qiang, Miao and Yi districts that dangle on the fringes of Han Chinese civilization.

The writer is in search of the traditions that are hidden in rural China, and as he travels he encounters a parade of unforgettable characters who embody both vestiges of the past-Daoist masters, Buddhist monks, ancient calligraphers-and the modern culture that has surfaced since the revolution: small town communist cadres, budding entrepreneurs, independent young girls grappling with parochial repression. The two worlds exist uneasily as one, with stories and customs from centuries past colliding with a world of televisions, automobiles, and technology. All is permeated by the dark legacy of the Cultural Revolution, the encroachment of ecological damage, and the harsh monetary realities of everyday life in contemporary China.

SOUL MOUNTAIN is a dazzling work of the imagination, where classic fables merge with tales of modern cruelty and ancient philosophy does battle with existentialism. But Gao goes deeper still as he explores notions of the devastation of the self at the hands of social expectations. He continually shifts his narrative voice as the "I" of the writer becomes the "you" of an imagined companion, then the "she" of a woman companion. Yet all reflects back on the protagonist, who craves these two seemingly contradictory ends-the solitude necessary for nurturing the self and the anxiety-provoking warmth of human society.

Gao began this novel in the mid-eighties, then carried the manuscript with him when he fled China in 1987. Now living in Paris, he completed the book there in 1989. His writings continue to be banned in his native country. As Gao's work at last gains the public's attention here in the West, SOUL MOUNTAIN provides a dazzling introduction to the achievement of one of contemporary literature's acknowledged masters.

Внимание! Книга может содержать контент только для совершеннолетних. Для несовершеннолетних чтение данного контента СТРОГО ЗАПРЕЩЕНО! Если в книге присутствует наличие пропаганды ЛГБТ и другого, запрещенного контента - просьба написать на почту [email protected] для удаления материала

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三十九

  我必须离开这洞穴。这黔川鄂湘四省交界处的武陵山脉的主峰,海拔三千二百多公尺,年降雨量高达三千四百多毫升,一年难得到一两个整日的晴天,狂风呼啸起来,风速时常达到每秒一百多公尺,又阴冷又邪恶。我必须回到人间烟火中去,去找寻阳光,去找寻温暖,去找寻快乐,去找寻人群,重温那种喧闹,哪怕再带来烦恼,毕竟是人世间的气息。

  我经过铜仁,那里还保留屋檐都伸到街心的塞塞古;目的小街,行人和挑着的箩筐一路上碰撞。我没多停留,当即赶上一班长途客车,傍晚到了一个叫玉屏的小车站。火车站边上新盖起一些个体户经营的小客店,我要了间只捆得下一张单人铺位的小房间,蚊子频繁骚扰,放下蚊帐又十分闷热。窗外的高音喇叭百乐大作,还伴以嗡声嗡气让我起鸡皮疙瘩的带哭腔的对话,是外面的篮球场上在放电影,又是那老一套悲欢离合的故事,只不过换了个时代。

  夜里二点钟,我上了去凯里的火车,早晨到了这苗族自治区的首府。

  我打听到苗寨施洞有个龙船节,找到州民委的一位干部得以证实,说是这次是数十年来苗族地区没有过的盛会,估计远近山寨会有上万苗民聚会,省里和地区的首长都将前去观光。我问怎么个去法,他说有二百多公里,没车子是无法赶到的。我问能否跟他们机关的车去,他面有难色,我好说歹说他才答应我明早七点来看看他们车还有没有空位。

  我一早提前十分钟赶到民委机关,前一天停在办公楼前的几部大轿车已无影无踪,空空的楼里只找到一个值班的办事员,说车早就开走了。我明白被耍弄了,急中生智,掏出了我那个从没派过用场只给我惹来麻烦的作家协会的会员证也唬弄一下,大肆宣称我刚从北京专程赶来为此写稿的,请他马上同州政府联系。他不明我底细,摇了一串电话,终于问到,说州长的车子还没有出发。我一口气又跑到自治州府政府,算我幸运,州长已听了汇报,多话没说,让我挤进了他的小面包车。

  出了城,这坑坑洼洼的公路上尘土飞扬,竟一辆接一辆挤满人的卡车和各式各样的大小轿车,原来是自治州首府各机关乃至于许多企业学校工厂的干部职工赶去看热闹。这位以前的苗王现任的州长也许要主持什么仪式,坐在司机边上的一位干部开着车窗一路哈喝,不断超车,经过了许多村寨,又穿过了两座县城,在一个渡口前终于被一大批车辆把路堵塞过不去了O一辆大轿车没上得了渡船,前轮滑进水里。还有一辆特别出众的黑色伏尔加,说是州委书记的车,里面坐有省里来的首长,也被卡在众多的车辆之中,不得动弹。渡口上许多民警呵斥不停,指挥调遣足足折腾了一个多小时,最后干脆把那辆大轿子车半截推进水里,才腾出地方搭上跳板,小面包车于是紧跟伏尔加,警车又在小面包车后面压阵,渡船绞起缆索,方才离岸。

  正午十二点,这一行浩浩荡荡来到座落在开阔的清水江畔的这苗寨。清澄的江面上骄阳点点,十分耀眼。公路两边往来游动的全是花布阳伞和苗家妇女戴的高高的银头饰。河滩上,公路边,有一座新盖的二层带平台的小砖楼,是乡政府所在地,苗民的吊脚木楼则相互披连往下伸延到河滩。从乡政府楼顶的平台上看下去,河滩上人头攒动,镶嵌着一团团花布阳伞和上过桐油光亮亮的斗笠,缓缓游移在一行行张着白布篷子的小摊贩之间。绿澄澄平缓的河面上,几十条披挂红布昂首的龙船轻捷滑行。

  我尾随州长混进了行举手礼的民警把守的楼里,受到了同来的干部一样的款待。穿着节日盛装的苗家姑娘端米一盆盆热水,送上洒了香水的新手巾帕子,请客人-一洗手净面。姑娘们个个明眸皓齿,再双手捧上清香扑鼻的新茶,同新闻记录影片里看到过的首长访问一模一样。我问一位张罗接待的干部,她们是不是州歌舞团调来的演员?他告诉我全是县城中学挑来的五好学生,由县民委专门集训了一个星期。随后她们之中的两位为客人们演唱苗家情歌。唱毕,首长接见,还说了些鼓励的话,大家便被领到摆上酒席的餐厅,顺序入座。一样有啤酒和汽水,只缺餐巾。人顺便把我介绍给本乡的书记和乡长,他们会说几句汉话,同我也一样握手。席间都称赞县城里派来的厨师好手艺,厨师上菜时不免拱手自谦。之后再一次擦手净面,再一次喝茶,这就到了下午两点,龙船比赛该开始了。

  乡党委书记和乡长在前领路,顺石级而下,穿过了一条挤满人的小巷。吊脚楼下的阴凉里,各处来的穿着百槽裙的苗家姑娘有的还在打扮,见这由民警护卫的一行,小镜子也不照了,头也不梳了,都好奇望着。这鱼贯的行列又注视她们一身好几公斤重的各式各样的银冠、银颈圈、银手阈,一时弄不清究竟谁在检阅谁。

  由民警圈起的一座临河的吊脚楼上,摆满了椅子和板凳,待众人就座,一人再发一把苗家姑娘用的小花阳伞,由这些干部们打着不一定好看。骄阳斜照,伞下仍止不住冒汗,我于是下到河滩上熙熙攘攘的人群中去了。

  烟草,酸菜,人汗和牛羊猪鱼案子的腥臊味在暑热中蒸腾。各式摊贩,从百货布料到麦糖花生凉粉瓜子各种小吃,一片讨价还价和打情调笑声,再加上小儿在人堆里钻来钻去,煞是热闹。

  我好容易挤到河边,还被人潮拥着,几乎踩进水里,只得跳到一只挂在岸边的小船上待着。前面有一条用整棵巨树掏空做成的龙船,为保持船身的平衡,船弦贴水面处镶一根刨光的树干。船上一顺溜三十来名水手,全一色短打扮,绽蓝的裤挂上的语语发亮的牛骨胶,头上是竹蔑编的精巧的小斗笠,一个个还戴的墨镜,腰间束一条亮闪闪的钢丝带。

  船身中部夹坐着一个女孩儿打扮的童男,戴的是女孩的银项圈和头饰,时不时敲打一下挂在面前的一面堂锣,锣音清亮。船头高高翘起一段木雕彩绘的龙头,足有一人半高,插满小旗,披的红布,还挂了几十只嘎嘎叫唤的活鹅活鸭。

  一阵鞭炮,又有送祭品的来了。在船头击鼓的唯一的长者招呼水手们都站起来。一个中年汉子,双手抱一大坛酒,也不挽裤脚,运直涉水跑进齐腿深的水里,一碗一碗向好汉们敬酒。戴黑眼镜的汉子们一边大口喝酒,一边唱和答谢,再把碗底的剩酒挥手持入河水里。

  又有一个老汉同人抬着一头活猪跑进水里,四脚倒挂的猪子吓得嗷嗷直叫,更增添一番热闹。随后,那坛酒和这头活猪都送到这龙船后尾跟着的一条载祭品的小船上去了。

  我回到那吊脚楼上的看台已将近下午五点,河面上鼓声鸣鸣,此起彼伏,时紧时慢,往来游动的三十多条龙船各自在玩,仍不见要比赛的样子。有几条刚要紧拢,又箭一般分射散开。看台上等得不耐烦了,先叫民委的人来,一会又传体委的干部,还说上面发话了,每条参赛的龙船奖励一百元现钱,两百斤粮票。又过了好一会,太阳眼看西落,热力减退,阳伞不必再打,船只却还未集中起来,江面上依然毫无比赛的意思。这时有人传话来,说今天不赛,要看赛船的得明天沿江而下,去下游三十里的另一个苗寨。观光的自然都十分扫兴,看台上立刻一阵骚动,决定撤了。一辆辆排在公路上首尾衔接的这条车龙纷纷起动。十分钟后,都消失在滚滚黄尘之中,路上只剩下仍然成群结伙不断前来游方的苗族男女青年,这节日的盛况看来还在夜间。

  我留下来的时候,和我同车来的州政府的一位干部告诫我明天再走可就没车了。我说拦不到过路的车子我也可以步行。他倒是好心,把苗乡的两位干部找来,将我托付给他们,并且警告道:"出了问题找你们负责卜'书记和乡长连连点头,说:"放心好了,放心好了。"等我回到乡政府的小楼,空无一人,门都上了锁。那两位书记和乡长想必不知今夜酒醒何处,之后我就再没见到容四个口袋干部服能讲汉话的人了。我倒突然得到解脱,索性在寨子里游荡。

   沿河的这条老街巷里,家家都在接待亲友,有的人家客人多的,饭桌都摆到了街边,饭桶和碗筷全放在门口,我见许多人自取自乘,无须他人关照,我也饿了,顾不得客气,况且语言又不通,也自取了一份碗筷,竟不断有人叫我吃菜。这大抵是苗家自古以来的遗风,我难得这样自在。

  情歌是黄昏时开始的,先从河对岸飘扬过来,太阳的余晖把对面山上的竹林映得金黄,河这岸已经笼罩在暮色里。姑娘们五六成群都上河滩上来,有的围成一圈,有的手拉住手,开始呼唤情郎。悠扬的歌声在苍茫的夜色中迅速弥漫开来,我前后左右,捏着条手帕的,拿把小扇子的,都还打着阳伞,全是少女,也还有情窦初开的十三四岁的小女孩。

  每一伙都有个领唱的,别的姑娘齐声相和,起唱的这姑娘我发现差不多总是一群中最俊俏的,美的优先选择这也合乎自然。

  领唱的歌声首先扬起,女孩子们全率情高歌。说是唱未必恰当,那一个个清亮尖锐的女声发自脏腑,得到全身心响应,声音似乎从脚板直顶眉心和额头,再颖脱而出,无怪称之为飞歌,全出于本性,没有丝毫扭捏造作,不加控制和修饰,更无所谓羞涩,各各竭尽身心,把小伙子吸引过来。

  男子更肆无忌惮,凑到女子脸面前,像挑选瓜果一样选择最中意的人。女孩子们这时候都挪开手上的手帕和扇子,越被端详越唱得尽情。只要双方对上话,那姑娘便由小伙子拉住手双双走了。白天这上万人头攒动的摊贩集市,此刻全然成了一片走不完的歌场。我顿时被包围在一片春情之中,心想人类求爱原本正是这样,后世之所谓文明把性的冲动和爱情竟然分割开来,又制造出门第金钱宗教伦理观念和所谓文化的负担,实在是人类的愚蠢。

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