Образ человека будущего, Том 7 (СИ)

Counterfactuality, as noted above, can have different directions and different levels of modalities - both for different communities within the university and for different universities. We have doubt that one can speak about counterfactuality of the position of those individuals who are involved in the functioning of universities. It is quite another thing to individualize values already recognized as factual. Just this kind of values, in our opinion, is always individual. However, this individualization of factual values is only possible within framework specified by counterfactual values. This does not mean that factual values could not go beyond this framework, but it clearly indicates that these values do not significant for

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university - yet or already, or it is unlikely that they could acquire this status.

In this case, the university ethical values appear as counterfactual set of counterfactual and factual ethical values of various university communities. It is possible that such a set emerged largely spontaneous - on the condition of subordination of factual values to counterfactual one. However, the better is the functioning of the university as a social institution, the more clearly it defines its own symbolic system, the more perfectly it is adjusted its organizational structure - the more likely that in this university counterfactual values of different communities will be characterized by convergence, which in particular can become normative expression - from codes of ethics to the original charters of rights.

These documents should not only outline a common vision of certain range of ethical values but should also provide value-ethical means to achieve the educational goals. At a high stages of its evolution the counterfactual character of university ethical values becomes obvious even despite its usual latent functioning - not only as counterfactual goals, but also as correlated with them counterfactual means to achieve them. In the field of university education, as in any other area one should to avoid mistakenly understanding of Niccolo Machiavelli"s doctrine [Machiavelli, 1996]. According to this misunderstanding only goals have the counterfactual nature and means are always only actual, that is - arbitrary. Classical ethical axiom is that one cannot achieve ethical goals with help of unethical means - therefore means (as goals) should be defined counterfactually, and for successful application of this means should share the counterfactuality of goals. Then actually used goals and means would not fall out of the system of ethical conduct too, so such counterfactually legitimated factual goals and means would provide higher education system and would contribute each particular university to achieve the overall efficiency of its goals.

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